Washington, D.C. — Dr. Anthony Fauci, the former director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), appeared Wednesday before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee and invoked his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination in response to questions from lawmakers, declining to answer any of them.
The hearing came days after Committee Chairman Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.), a longtime critic of Fauci’s handling of the COVID-19 pandemic response, released more than 1,000 pages of diary entries Fauci reportedly kept during his time in government. Paul has said the entries show discrepancies between what Fauci wrote privately and what he told the public, particularly regarding the origins of the virus and the possibility it leaked from a lab in Wuhan, China.
The narrative that the American government is, above all, run by our representatives did not stand up well when a public health bureaucracy with an unelected, career bureaucrat as its public face effectively ran the government’s pandemic response.
Murray Rothbard laid out in Anatomy of the State, the narratives and ideas that give states legitimacy in the minds of a sufficient portion of the population are so crucial for a state’s existence that they really cannot afford to rely on only one—especially as the state changes and grows into new forms over time.
As the US government has shifted from a union of states governed primarily by a small group of elected politicians to a single super-state controlled by a massive class of unelected bureaucrats, a new excuse for this expansion of state power was required. And, as Rothbard put it, in our more secular age, the state found that with the invocation of a new god, Science.
In his words:
State rule is now proclaimed as being ultrascientific, as constituting planning by experts. . . . The increasing use of scientific jargon has permitted the State’s intellectuals to weave obscurantist apologia for State rule that would have only met with derision by the populace of a simpler age. A robber who justified his theft by saying that he really helped his victims, by his spending giving a boost to retail trade, would find few converts; but when this theory is clothed in Keynesian equations and impressive references to the “multiplier effect,” it unfortunately carries more conviction.
Anthony Fauci could well be the culmination of this phase of Rothbard’s notes on state justification hiding behind the label of “science.” He perfectly embodied the simplistic (corrupt) version of science—not a process for “relentlessly attempting to disprove hypotheses, but a fixed body of knowledge discovered and approved by state-approved scholars that could never be questioned without severe social and professional costs”.
To say you “believe in science” became a common way for the state and progressives to virtue signal during the covid years. And Fauci came to represent the human face of this dogma. He even famously merged criticisms of himself with criticisms of “science”.
In his opening statement, Fauci said he was invoking the Fifth “although it pains me to do so,” citing decades of what he described as cooperative testimony before Congress. He said his decision stemmed from concern that Paul intended to use the hearing to build a case for his prosecution, pointing to what he called the senator’s “unhinged obsession” with him and the recent release of his “unredacted personal diary.”
Rand Paul, who chairs the committee and subpoenaed Fauci to appear, expressed frustration with the outcome, saying he had hoped to hear an apology or acknowledgment of errors in judgment during the pandemic response. He said he would move to hold Fauci in contempt for declining to answer questions.
Fauci was given a preemptive pardon by President Biden in the final hours of his administration, covering potential offenses from 2014 through the end of Biden’s term. However, legal analysts note that testifying under oath could theoretically expose Fauci to new perjury or obstruction charges unrelated to that pardon — a risk his attorneys have cited as the basis for his Fifth Amendment posture.
Democrats on the committee criticized Paul’s handling of the investigation, while Republicans pressed Fauci on gain-of-function research funding, vaccine policy, and the pardon itself, questions he declined to answer.
Independent verification of the diary’s full contents, and of competing interpretations of specific passages, is still developing, and neither side’s characterization has been independently confirmed in full.
Critics, including Paul, have long argued Fauci’s early guidance on masking, lockdown duration, and the virus’s origins misled the public and that he should face legal consequences. Supporters counter that he acted on the best available evidence during a fast-moving crisis and that the ongoing focus on him reflects political score-settling rather than substantive new evidence of wrongdoing.
The dispute is expected to continue, with Paul indicating a committee vote on contempt proceedings is likely in the coming weeks.
Fauci led the U.S. government’s day-to-day public health response to COVID-19 from his post at NIAID, a role that made him one of the most visible — and polarizing — federal officials of the pandemic era. He stepped down from that position on Dec. 31, 2022, after a decades-long career, including earlier tenure spanning the AIDS epidemic and other outbreaks.
Note: reporting from NPR, CBS News, The Washington Post, Forbes, STAT News, and MSNBC, alongside official Senate committee statements, was used in this article.

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