A 2021-2025 Virginia Marine Debris Reduction Plan was released in November by the VA Coastal Zone Management Program and Clean Virginia Waterways of Longwood University. Specific goals are included for consumer debris and single-use plastics, derelict fishing and aquaculture gear, microplastics and microfibers, plus abandoned and derelict vessels. This Plan serves as a statewide roadmap for nonprofit organizations, local governments, state agencies, regional partners, researchers, and industry as we work together on sustained approaches to reducing the flow of plastic trash and other trash items into our coastal waters.
Asses&Villains: Dec 26 2021
It is December 25th, 2021 and there are still Americans trapped in Afghanistan because Joe Biden abandoned them.
Elon Musk: “the woke mind virus is arguably one of the biggest threats to modern civilization.” Eventually, all of this illogical, divisive, tyrannical left-wing BS is going to collapse on itself. It’s not that the US Left can’t read or don’t understand the Constitution. They just hate it.
Just to be clear, Americans are taking medical advice from people who believed Jussie Smollett.
What is the purpose of vaccine mandates to enter an NYC restaurant when the vaccinated can and do get infected and spread the COVID virus? Anyone? Anyone? Bueller? Bueller? Surprise, Joe Rogan’s doctor said he prescribed ivermectin to hundreds of members of Congress and the media completely ignored it.
Biden’s handlers said getting the coronavirus under control would be simple. They said the only reason the pandemic was so bad in 2020 was Trump’s poor leadership. Biden was going to shut down the virus, not the country.
States and cities are awash with more than $1 trillion in covid funding passed by Congress early this year. Why didn’t they use the funds to stockpile Covid tests? Why didn’t they build surge capacity at hospitals and clinics? Where did the money go??
How is it we keep getting caught off-guard: Omnicron, which started in November, and was scary enough to block travel from South Africa, but not ramp up testing here? “No one anticipated this, it came out of nowhere….” Echoes of Afghanistan.
Covid Note: In the scenario that seems most likely to Dr. Alina Chan, scientists in the Wuhan Institute of Virology lab would have been developing or modifying several coronaviruses with the intention of studying how viruses can jump from animals to humans. “It is like uncovering a 2018 proposal for putting horns on horses. And then, at the end of 2019, a unicorn shows up in Wuhan,” she told The NY Post.
Homicides surge in major cities, as the state arrests individuals for lacking a vaccine card. None of this is normal.
So, the “researchers” at National Institutes for Health were sent by god to splice and manipulate viruses to make them more transmissible to humans. If their science, and funding kills 16 million people, they are not to be held responsible, because it was also just god’s will and in pursuit of a better science.
I believe CCCP uniforms mean “Europe debased itself before the altar of woke energy policy, Russia controls the only excess feedstock presently available, we can do whatever the hell we want.”
Logistics: U.S. Senate passed legislation on Thursday to ban imports from China’s Xinjiang region
Breaking: Biden signs into law a bill banning imports from Xinjiang into the United States, unless the company can prove they weren’t made with forced labor. The bill passed the Senate 100-0, and the House 428-1. This could radically reshape global supply chains.
WASHINGTON, Dec 16 (Reuters) – The U.S. Senate passed legislation on Thursday to ban imports from China’s Xinjiang region over concerns about forced labor, part of Washington’s continued pushback against Beijing’s treatment of the country’s Uyghur Muslim minority.
The Senate passed the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act by unanimous consent, sending it to the White House, where President Joe Biden has said he will sign it into law. The House of Representatives passed the bill with a unanimous voice vote on Tuesday.
The measure rushed through Congress this week after lawmakers agreed on a compromise that eliminated differences between bills introduced in the House and Senate.
Republicans and Democrats in the two chambers have been arguing over the Uyghur legislation for months. The dispute complicated passage of the annual National Defense Authorization Act, and has held up the Senate’s confirmation of some of Biden’s ambassadorial nominees, including his selection of Nicholas Burns to be ambassador to China.
As they cleared the way for the Uyghur bill’s passage on Thursday, lawmakers also agreed to allow a vote later in the day on at least a few of Biden’s nominees for diplomatic positions, including Burns.
The compromise legislation keeps a provision creating a “rebuttable presumption” that all goods from Xinjiang, where the Chinese government has set up a network of detention camps for Uyghurs and other Muslim groups, were made with forced labor, in order to bar such imports.
“It is a horrifying human rights situation, fully sanctioned, as we now know, by the Communist Party of China,” Republican Senator Marco Rubio said, urging senators to vote for the bill.
China denies abuses in Xinjiang, which supplies much of the world’s materials for solar panels, but the U.S. government and many rights groups say Beijing is carrying out genocide there.
Nury Turkel, a Uyghur American who serves as vice chair on the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, said the bill’s effectiveness would depend on the willingness of the Biden administration to ensure it is effective, especially when companies ask for waivers.
“The possibility of it not being fully implemented is one of my major concerns,” Turkel told Reuters. “If this is not fully implemented then it will be a dead lever, just like the Genocide Convention.”
Republicans had accused Biden’s Democrats of slow-walking the bill because it would complicate the president’s renewable energy agenda. Democrats denied that.
U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai praised the legislation.
“We have a moral and economic imperative to eliminate this practice from our global supply chains, including those that run through Xinjiang, China, and exploit Uyghurs and other ethnic and religious minorities,” she said.
In a related development on Thursday, the U.S. government hit dozens of Chinese companies with investment and export restrictions, including top drone maker DJI, accusing them of complicity in the oppression of Uyghurs or of helping the military, further ratcheting up tensions between the world’s top two economies.
Logistics: Biden’s BS Wearing Thin
Jen Psaki going from “we’re not the postal service” to taking credit for Christmas presents arriving on time could only happen with a compliant, friendly media.
The White House made a huge deal this weak, claiming that the Christmas goods crisis had been avoided. That evidence is anecdotal and spotty at best. Basically, it’s a load of BS.
According to real loggy experts at Flexport CEO Ryan Peterson, the outlook for 2022 may be more of the same: congestion, delays, capacity and equipment shortages, and high costs.
Peterson points out the likelihood of this scenario based on how long it could take to resolve supply-side shortages. Needle-movers like fulfilling new ship orders, building out ports, or developing self-driving trucks take years.
He balances his point with a caveat: For the situation to remain stable, even in its congested state, there may need to be a pullback in demand.
“In a complex system, a longer and longer delay . . . even as the input stays the same, it’s a very worrisome sign . . . Although imports are up quite a bit over 2019 levels, they’re not actually up over the last six months, and, yet, we see that the delays keep getting longer.”
Scenario: A Deepening Crisis
Without a pullback in goods demand, the lengthening delays could result in a worsening reality.
Another Flexport index, the Ocean Timeliness Indicator, shows extended transit times. As of the week of December 12, the Transpacific Eastbound trade lane has increased to a record 106 days, while the Far East Westbound lane has increased to a record 112 days.
Other disruptions could complicate the picture, too:
- Additional Covid-related closures, as new variants emerge, could limit manufacturing productivity and port activity.
- Labor relations could impact container movement at ports, as collective bargaining occurs ahead of a Q3 contract renewal on the West Coast.
- Unforeseen events, like the crash of the Ever Given in the Suez Canal, could create cascading logistics impacts around the world.
As supply chains become more complex, the effects of disruptions may become harder to unravel.
If there is a reprieve in the supply chain, that may not be that great either.
“The reprieve for the system may not feel that great for the economy. In general, a boom feels really good—maybe not when prices start coming up with inflation, but . . . you’re ordering goods. This feels nice. Pulling back doesn’t feel as nice.”
This type of change could be triggered by an improving health situation worldwide, a shift towards consumer preference for services over goods, or companies simply making do with lean inventories.
Prediction: Russia will indeed invade Ukraine
Can the situation on the Ukrainian border be de-escalated? Maybe, but probably not.
The military build-up on Ukraine’s borders (in the north, east and south in Crimea). This mobilization is qualitatively and quantitatively different from the past.
75% of Russia’s total battalion tactical groups have been moved. Artillery, air defense units, tanks, APCs, bridge-laying equipment, mine clearers, armored excavators, engineering equipment, refueling, huge amount of logistics, etc.
This is a massive mobilization and a clear preparation for an extensive invasion. You also can’t keep all this equipment, troops and logistics there forever.
Cyber: Since early December, there has been a dramatic increase in cyber intrusions on Ukraine government and civilian networks from Russia. the targets are precisely the ones that you’d expect to be targeted for intel collection and battlefield preparation ahead of an invasion.
Diplomatic ultimatums. The list of demands that Russia issued last week was a non-starter for the US and NATO allies. It is simply not a serious proposal for the start of the negotiations. Making the list of demands public – and making it difficult to climb down from them without losing face – is an unprecedented diplomatic step that further signals they are not serious about having actual talks and want a propaganda pretext for invasion. Rejection of multilateral negotiations and demanding 1:1 US-RU talks. This is designed to either provoke a rejection from the US (yet another pretext for war) or drive a rift between US and its allies in Europe:
A real negotiation on the points Russia is raising would take years. Expecting it to be resolved quickly is unrealistic and Russia knows it. Yet another pretext for invasion by claiming the US is not serious about their concerns. Rhetorically, things are reaching a boiling point. Diplomatic language is being thrown out the window and with each day comes a new escalation:
The information battlefield is now being prepared for a provocation that can be pinned on Ukraine, US or NATO (or all 3). They will be used as part of an excuse to justify an invasion:
Why would Russia invade?
Mainly, a fear of shifting military power balance between Kiev and Donbas separatists. Putin observed the Karabakh War last year and has a good appreciation for what a military armed with modern NATO weapons, such as Turkish TB2 drones, can do to retake territory. He has lost faith that Zelensky has any interest in resolving the issue of Donbas diplomatically and believes he needs to forestall a change in the status quo there militarily – sooner or later.
Saakashvili’s push to rearm and take over Georgian separatist territories and change the status quo is what triggered the Georgia War in 2008. The same appears to be happening now.
Also, Putin has real concerns about NATO expansion. The Kremlin elites believe the threat is real.
Historically, there had been numerous devastating invasions of Russia (Hitler, Napoleon, Swedes, Poles, etc) which had been launched either through from what is now Belarus or Ukraine. The prospect of either country joining NATO (an implicit anti-Russia military alliance) has been and would be unacceptable to any Russian leader – Putin, Yeltsin, Gorbachev or even someone like Navalny and is viewed as an existential threat.
Pro-western government in Ukraine, protests against Lukashenko, color revolution in Georgia, protests in Moscow, etc have all been viewed by Putin through the same lens – covert Western attempts to undermine Russia and build coalitions of enemy states in the near abroad. Even without Ukraine joining NATO, Putin has become convinced that a pro-western Ukraine poses a serious threat given the deployment of NATO weapons and advisors there even without formal membership.
In the video below, Putin talks of a 4-5min missile flight time to Moscow or threat to Crimea. This may or not be true, but, he believes it:
Putin knows that an invasion of Ukraine, would put a permanent end to all talk of Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus or any Central Asian states of ever joining NATO or deployment of NATO weapons and troops on their territories without Russia’s agreement. It would instantly reinstate Russia’s sphere of influence in that part of the world. No former Soviet Union state (aside from the Baltics) would dare mess with NATO or EU again.
The time is now. This might be the best time Russia will ever have to invade. The US is distracted by domestic politics and new geopolitical confrontation with China, and energy prices are skyrocketing. Europe is wholly dependent on Russia’s gas and even the US is currently importing Russia’s crude oil. There is little chance there will be economic sanctions on fossil fuels. Sanctions are not an effective deterrent. Russia has learned to live with them, even if it dislikes them. Its economy is much more resilient today to them – including in part due to help from China. Russia has learned to expect sanctions no matter what. Sanctions instituted this year for activity traditionally considered acceptable espionage – such as the SolarWinds/HolidayBear hacks – have undermined their use for deterrence as they send a signal that we will sanction Russia for everything it does.
What to expect? Russia will invade Ukraine this winter. The US will go for harsh sanctions. The EU will water them down. Russia will take an economic hit, which will be used to point the finger at the US and the world economy will be hit bad next year.
“Documented movements of military equipment of the Russian Armed Forces dated from 12 to 15 December. All convoys and military echelons were filmed in or heading towards the Bryansk Oblast and were moving towards the border with Belarus.”
Logistics: Qatar Planning $10 Billion Investment in U.S. Ports
Note: We are a nation run by overcredentialed simpletons who have neither the spine nor the brains to call this out. Qatar is a serial human rights abuser, drug trafficking hub, and leading funder/propagandist for terrorism.
LONDON/DUBAI, Dec 21 (Reuters) – Qatar plans to invest at least $10 billion in U.S. ports and has approached international banks for financing help, three finance sources say, in an infrastructure spree that reflects the Gulf country’s deepening ties with Washington.
The Middle East and Western sources familiar with the matter said Doha was targeting investments in ports around the U.S. East Coast which were expected to be developed in phases, adding that the plan was at a preliminary stage.
The country’s sovereign wealth fund Qatar Investment Authority and the Qatar Government Communication Office both declined to comment.
“The Qataris have been preparing for almost a year to test the waters with U.S. port investments,” said Michael Frodl, a U.S.-based adviser on projects including maritime security, commerce and infrastructure, who is familiar with Qatar’s strategy.
“We think that a shrewd investor with the $10 billion the Qataris desire to put into American port infrastructure would likely look at the underserved East Coast first and foremost. The West Coast is getting all the U.S. government and private investment attention, while the East Coast is long overdue for improvements.”
Frodl said ports with easy access to highways and rail lines would be a priority.
“We’d be looking at aging medium-sized ports south of Boston and north of Jacksonville,” he added.
A Middle East-based source said the investments would be backed by debt, which would be linked to the port assets, adding that Qatar was in early discussions with banks to look for a structuring adviser.
The banks being approached included Morgan Stanley, HSBC and Credit Suisse, two of the sources said.
Morgan Stanley, HSBC and Credit Suisse declined to comment.
In November Congress approved U.S. President Joe Biden’s $1.2 trillion infrastructure package, which port and industry sources say includes $5.22 billion of federal funding for port specific programs, falling short of the tens of billions of dollars estimated to be needed for investment in creaking infrastructure.
U.S. transport secretary Pete Buttigieg told an online news briefing with the Port of Los Angeles on Nov. 16 that while Washington was delivering a “historic level of funding” to improve ports, “it can’t all be from federal grants.”
“We’re going to have to keep working with local, state and private partners in order to make sure that we have the kinds of resources that are needed,” Buttigieg said.
There are around 360 ports in the United States, according to the U.S. Coast Guard.
The Middle East-based source said Qatar could look to target three port projects.
A fourth finance source separately confirmed Qatar’s investment plans in the United States.
Qatar currently has minimal holdings in overseas ports. However, last year the state’s commercial ports operator, QTerminals, purchased the Turkish port of Akdeniz and entered into an agreement to develop the Black Sea port of Olvia in Ukraine.
STRONGER TIES
Relations between the United States and Qatar have deepened after the small, wealthy Gulf monarchy forged close ties with the Taliban, playing a key role in the talks that led to the 2020 deal for the U.S. troop pullout from Afghanistan this year.
Washington and Doha signed an accord in November for Qatar to represent U.S. diplomatic interests in Afghanistan.
“Qatari interest in investing in U.S. infrastructure dates back to at least 2016,” Frodl said.
“Things would have been more advanced if it was not for the previous Trump administration, which was closely aligned with the Saudis.”
(Reporting by Jonathan Saul and Marwa Rashad in London, Davide Barbuscia, Yousef Saba and Saeed Azhar in Dubai and Andrew Mills in Doha, editing by Rachel Armstrong and Susan Fenton)(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2021.
Biden’s Plan To Fight Omicron is off target
Reader submitted. Original article by Robby Soave for Reason Magazine, published with approval.
President Joe Biden urged Americans not to panic about the omicron COVID-19 variant during a speech on Tuesday, stressing that he had a plan to deal with the latest pandemic wave: mass testing. The federal government will purchase half a billion COVID-19 tests and distribute them throughout the country for free.
According to The Washington Post:
“This is not March of 2020,” Biden said, referring to the early, pre-vaccine days of the pandemic as he spoke from the White House State Dining Room. “Two hundred million people are fully vaccinated. We’re prepared. We know more.”
The president still issued a grave warning to unvaccinated Americans who he said have a “patriotic duty” to get vaccinated, but he spent much of his speech reassuring Americans the country has the tools to avoid the extreme measures that typified the early months of the pandemic response.
To that end, Biden detailed new plans to expand coronavirus testing sites across the country, distribute a half-billion free at-home tests and deploy more federal health resources to aid strained hospitals as the omicron variant drives a fresh wave of infections.
There’s just one problem with this plan: The tests won’t arrive until January, by which point the omicron variant will have already ravaged the country, notes Reason‘s Ronald Bailey.
The White House could have gotten to work on this plan a little earlier—as recently as two weeks ago, press secretary Jen Psaki mocked the idea of having the government send free tests to all Americans. In many other countries, it’s much easier to procure inexpensive COVID-19 tests, largely because those countries’ regulatory apparatuses are not so slow-moving and bureaucratic.
Indeed, the real problem isn’t that the White House has been too slow to mail tests to every American. The real problem is that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have stymied efforts to approve various cheap, rapid test options—a costly mistake that has led to thousands of preventable deaths.
A new report by ProPublica details federal regulators’ infuriating series of screw-ups. For instance, Irene Bosch, an MIT scientist, developed a reliable 15-minute test at the start of the pandemic that only cost $10—and would have cost even less if purchased in bulk. But the FDA refused to approve the test because it wasn’t as accurate as the harder-to-come-by PCR tests.
Bosch’s test didn’t need to be the most accurate test: It just needed to be cheap and easy to mass produce. After all, people who tested positive could always get a PCR for additional verification. What’s more, Bosch’s test measured infectiousness itself:
David Paltiel, a professor at the Yale School of Public Health, said a significant part of the problem is that the FDA created a detailed roadmap for tests that give patients a close-to-definitive answer on whether they have COVID-19, but never created a separate framework for rapid tests that serve a different purpose: helping people get frequent, fast evidence of whether they may be contagious.
“The former are tests of infection; the latter are tests of infectiousness,” Paltiel said. “They both share the same regulatory pathway — a pathway that was designed with diagnostic testing in mind and is littered with requirements that make no sense for the purpose they serve.”
He added, “It’s an outrage that rapid tests aren’t dirt cheap and plentiful on grocery store shelves.”
Meanwhile, the CDC thought it could invent its own, superior test—but government scientists screwed up the process, putting the country weeks behind the curve. Testing could have been an important tool for slowing the spread of COVID-19, but the federal government literally decreed that it was illegal to flood the market with tests unless they cleared an improbably, unnecessarily high regulatory burden. From ProPublica:
As ProPublica recently detailed, many companies with at-home tests have been stymied by an FDA review process that has flummoxed experts and even caused one agency reviewer to quit in frustration.
While E25Bio’s test didn’t catch quite as many cases as those now on the market, it could have been used to catch superspreaders, with warnings that a negative result wouldn’t rule out infection. Experts told us that the test could have been a vital public health tool had it been produced in the millions in 2020 just as COVID-19 was racing across the country undetected.
“Since we didn’t have other options, it would have been a very good test,” said Michael Mina, an epidemiologist who followed E25Bio’s early progress. “If we were going to war, and somebody was invading us, and we had a bunch of revolver pistols, and we didn’t yet have the shipment of machine guns, hell yeah, you’re going to pick up the revolver pistol. You do what you can when you need to in an emergency.”
The government picked up the revolver and promptly shot itself in the foot.
Government at Work: $100 billion stolen from COVID-19 relief programs
AP – Nearly $100 billion at minimum has been stolen from COVID-19 relief programs set up to help businesses and people who lost their jobs due to the pandemic, the U.S. Secret Service said Tuesday.
The estimate is based on Secret Service cases and data from the Labor Department and the Small Business Administration, said Roy Dotson, the agency’s national pandemic fraud recovery coordinator, in an interview. The Secret Service didn’t include COVID-19 fraud cases prosecuted by the Justice Department.
While roughly 3% of the $3.4 trillion dispersed, the amount stolen from pandemic benefits programs shows “the sheer size of the pot is enticing to the criminals,” Dotson said.
Most of that figure comes from unemployment fraud. The Labor Department reported about $87 billion in unemployment benefits could have been paid improperly, with a significant portion attributable to fraud.ADVERTISEMENT
The Secret Service said it has seized more than $1.2 billion while investigating unemployment insurance and loan fraud and has returned more than $2.3 billion of fraudulently obtained funds by working with financial partners and states to reverse transactions. The Secret Service says it has more than 900 active criminal investigations into pandemic fraud, with cases in every state, and 100 people have been arrested so far.
The Justice Department said last week that its fraud section had prosecuted over 150 defendants in more than 95 criminal cases and had seized over $75 million in cash proceeds derived from fraudulently obtained Paycheck Protection Program funds, as well as numerous real estate properties and luxury items purchased with the proceeds.
One of the best-known programs created through the March 2020 CARES Act, PPP offered low-interest, forgivable loans to small businesses struggling to meet payroll and other expenses during pandemic-related shutdowns.
Law enforcement early in the pandemic focused on fraud related to personal protective equipment, the Secret Service said. Authorities have now prioritized the exploitation of pandemic-related relief because the federal funding through the CARES Act attracted the attention of individuals and organized criminal networks worldwide.
“Can we stop fraud? Will we? No, but I think we can definitely prosecute those that need to be prosecuted and we can do our best to recover as much fraudulent pandemic funds that we can,” said Dotson, who is the Secret Service’s assistant special agent in charge of the agency’s field office in Jacksonville, Florida.
US Population rises to 331 million
U.S. Census Bureau data released on Tuesday reveals that the population has slowed to the lowest rate in American history, increasing 0.1 percent from July 2020 to July 2021, but still increased to the highest total in history — hitting 331,893,745 residents. Immigration to the U.S., legal and illegal, contributed to about 62 percent of the population growth seen in the last year, the first time that immigration has exceeded natural increase for any given year.
For comparison, the U.S. population in 1970 stood at 203 million residents.
Natural increase in the population, determined by the number of excess births over deaths from July 2020 to July 2021, contributed to about 38 percent of the 0.1 percent growth.
Meanwhile, net immigration to the U.S. contributed to about 62 percent of the population growth seen in the last year, the first time that immigration has exceeded natural increase for any given year.
Predictions are that the increase will translate to denser communities, an increase in vehicle traffic, strained public infrastructure, and more development across once rural areas.
The totals come as newly released Census Bureau data showed that the nation’s foreign-born population has hit a record 46.2 million with much of the increases occurring in California, Florida, Arizona, Wisconsin, and Virginia.
Omicron: The turtle wins the race.
Omicron is literally the vaccine companies could not make. It is attenuated. No hospitalizations. No critical patients. No oxygenation. Everyone will be exposed and will get it. Within 8 weeks the world will be vaccinated.
1) Predictions are that most will be exposed in the next few weeks. 2) Almost everyone gets a mild form of common cold. Trivial hospitalization. Trivial oxygenation is needed. 3) Omicron replaces Delta. 4) Omicron acts as a natural vaccine, Herd immunity. 4) End pandemic.
More than likely, Omicron was leaked from a laboratory engaged in gain-of-function research., from Igor Chudov’s newsletter.
As el gato malo and others have indicated, evidence is strong that Omicron circulates preferentially in the vaccinated. In all likelihood, it is the result of gain-of-function research, in which SARS-2 was passaged repeatedly through convalescent or vaccinated plasma, in the hopes of helping the virus evade acquired immunity. The purpose of this research would be to anticipate future immune-escape variants that vaccines might target.
Omicron carries a series of highly unlikely and suspicious mutations in its spike protein. It is hard to imagine that these mutations can have arisen via natural processes because all but one of them are nonsynonymous – that is, they code for different amino acid sequences. Starkly mutated variants favored by natural selection should have a great many meaningless synonymous mutations as well.
Omicron’s ancestors may have spent a significant amount of time adapting to mouse cells, before re-entering human hosts. Omicron appears selected to replicate primarily in the bronchial tract. Deeper in the human lung, it functions far less efficiently than Delta or the first strains from Wuhan. This is probably why it causes mostly mild illness, and it is reminiscent of techniques used to make live attenuated influenza vaccines safer for use in humans. Such vaccines are cold-adapted, that is, selected to circulate primarily in the cooler upper respiratory tract rather than in the warmer, more vulnerable lungs.
The balance of the evidence is that Omicron leaked from a lab engaged in SARS-2 vaccine research. There are many possibilities: It might represent a live, attenuated virus vaccine used informally among researchers, that mutated back to virulence and escaped; it might have been released accidentally; it could even be an attempt to develop a self-spreading vaccine to immunize animals or third world populations.
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